How to make Rain Detection System

Rain Alarm System

Now a day’s vehicle parking is an important issue and day by day its necessity is increasing. In Bangladesh we are still using the manual vehicle parking system and that is why we are facing problems like wastage of time and fuel finding free space around the parking ground when we need to park our car which requires a good amount of lighting. Another issue is chaos that happens while parking because there is no particular system anyone can park anywhere that sometime causes damage to the vehicles while moving out or in the parking lot. Security is also an issue there.

To solve these problems we are introducing new car parking system.

List of Materials

1.    Arduino Uno

2.    Buzzer

3. LCD 16x2

4. Power Supply

5. Rain Sensor

                                                      Specification of Materials

                   Arduino Uno

The arduino uno is a microcontroller. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter."Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduno, moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino platform.

LCD 16x2

LCD modules are vey commonly used in most embedded projects, the reason being its cheap price, availability and programmer friendly. Most of us would have come across these displays in our day to day life, either at PCO’s or calculators. The appearance and the pinouts have already been visualized above now let us get a bit technical.

16×2 LCD is named so because; it has 16 Columns and 2 Rows. There are a lot of combinations available like, 8×1, 8×2, 10×2, 16×1, etc. but the most used one is the 16×2 LCD. So, it will have (16×2=32) 32 characters in total and each character will be made of 5×8 Pixel Dots.  A Single character with all its Pixels is shown in the below picture

Buzzer

Buzzer. A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers. We are using as a signal of front sensor.

Rain sensor

A rain sensor is composed of a rain detection plate with a comparator who manages intelligence.

The rain sensor detects water that comes short circuiting the tape of the printed circuits.

The sensor acts as a variable resistance that will change status : the resistance increases when the sensor is wet and the resistance is lower when the sensor is dry.

The comparator has 2 outputs connected to the rain sensor, a digital output ( 0/1 ) and an analog output ( 0 to 1023 ).

Power Source

To Operate the System we need a power Source. For this Project we are using 18650 Lion battery and Charging Board of this.

The 18650 battery is a lithium-ion cell classified by its 18mm x 65mm size, which is slightly larger than a AA battery. They're often used in flashlights, laptops, and high-drain devices due to their superior capacity and discharge rates.

Charging Board Details

Power supply: 3.2V-5V

Output Voltage: 5V/1.6A

4 Led Indicator, Switch

Circuit  Diagram

 

         

Working Steps

1.Fix the track on Hardboard.  you can fix this by using hot melt glue, screw, rubber strip.
2.Connect all the connection as shown in circuit.
3.Writing program

4.Upload program to arduino .

5.Disconnect arduino in pc

6.Then Power to circuit and arduino  

Program

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7); // RS, En, D4, D5, D6, D7
int rainSen_pin = A1;
int Buzzer_pin = 13;
void setup() {
  lcd.begin(16,2);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(rainSen_pin, INPUT);
  pinMode(Buzzer_pin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(Buzzer_pin,LOW);
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print("Rain Detector");
  lcd.setCursor(5,1);
  lcd.print("System");
  delay(3000);
 
}

void loop() {

 int RainSenReading = analogRead(rainSen_pin);
 Serial.print("SensorValue:");
 Serial.print("\t");
 Serial.print(RainSenReading);
 Serial.print("\t");

 if (RainSenReading <= 400)
  {
   
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Rain Water Alam");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Status: ");
    lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
    lcd.print("Heavy Rain");
    Serial.println("Rain");
    digitalWrite(Buzzer_pin, HIGH);
    delay (500);
    digitalWrite(Buzzer_pin, LOW);
    delay (500);
  }
 if (RainSenReading <= 800)
  {
    digitalWrite(Buzzer_pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Rain Water Alam");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Status: ");
    lcd.setCursor(8, 1);
    lcd.print("Rain");
    Serial.println("Rain");
  }
  else
  {
    digitalWrite(Buzzer_pin, LOW);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Rain Water Alam");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("Status: ");
    lcd.setCursor(8, 1);
    lcd.print("No Rain");
    Serial.println("No Rain");
  }
  delay(250);
}